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    Math Functions in Google Sheets

    Objective:

    Understand and use essential mathematical functions like SUM, AVERAGE, MAX, MIN, and learn how to use autofill.

    Step 1: Enter Data

    Create the following table in a new sheet:

    Item Quantity Price (₹)
    Pen 10 5
    Notebook 4 40
    Pencil 6 3
    Eraser 5 2

    Step 2: Calculate Total for Each Item

    In Column D (Total), calculate Quantity × Price:

    • In D2, type: =B2*C2

    • Drag the fill handle from D2 to D5 to autofill totals for all items

    This will give total cost per item.

    Step 3: Use SUM Function

    To get the grand total:

    • In D6, type: =SUM(D2:D5)

    This adds all item totals together.

    Step 4: Use AVERAGE, MAX, MIN

    Try these formulas in separate cells:

    • =AVERAGE(D2:D5) → average item total

    • =MAX(D2:D5) → highest total

    • =MIN(D2:D5) → lowest total

    You can also apply these to any other numeric column like Price or Quantity.

    Step 5: Additional Useful Math & Count Functions

    Below are some commonly used Google Sheets functions you should try:

    Function Usage Example Description
    =COUNT(A1:A10) Counts cells with numbers Counts how many cells contain numbers
    =COUNTA(A1:A10) Counts all non-empty cells Includes numbers and text
    =ROUND(D2, 0) Rounds a number to 0 decimals You can change 0 to 1, 2, etc.
    =ROUNDUP(D2, 0) Always rounds up  
    =ROUNDDOWN(D2, 0) Always rounds down  
    =POWER(A2,2) Squares the value in A2 Like A²
    =SQRT(A2) Square root of A2  
    =MOD(A2, B2) Remainder of A2 ÷ B2  
    =ABS(A2) Absolute value (removes minus)  

    Try using these with random numbers in a separate sheet to understand their effect.

    Step 6: Practice with Autofill

    Try:

    • Type numbers 1 and 2 in two adjacent cells

    • Select both → drag fill handle down to auto-number

    • Type Monday → drag down to autofill weekdays

    Autofill works great for patterns and repetitive values.

    Mini Challenge – Sales Report Table

    Product Sold Qty Unit Price Total Sales
    Bag 8 250  
    Shoes 3 500  
    Watch 2 1500  

    Tasks:

    • Calculate total sales per item using =B2*C2

    • Use =SUM() to get grand total

    • Use =AVERAGE() to get average sale value

    • Use autofill to apply formulas down rows

    • Try =MAX(), =MIN(), =ROUND(), and =COUNT() in new rows

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